/* Editorial reading layout for the growth factors evidence review. */
.growth-factor-article {
  --article-ink: #29251f;
  --article-muted: #716c63;
  --article-line: #ddd8cf;
  --article-paper: #fffdf9;
  --article-wash: #f2f0e8;
  background: var(--article-paper);
  color: var(--article-ink);
  cursor: auto;
}

.growth-factor-article #cdot { display: none; }
.growth-factor-article a,
.growth-factor-article summary { cursor: pointer; }

.growth-factor-article .article-hero {
  padding: 76px 24px 58px;
  text-align: left;
  background: #f4f1e9;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--article-line);
}

.growth-factor-article .article-hero::before { display: none; }
.growth-factor-article .article-hero-inner { max-width: 820px; }

/* Reset broad shared nav rules on article navigation elements. */
.growth-factor-article .article-breadcrumbs,
.growth-factor-article .toc {
  position: static;
  inset: auto;
  z-index: auto;
  height: auto;
  min-height: 0;
  display: block;
  box-shadow: none;
  will-change: auto;
  transform: none;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-breadcrumbs {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0 0 26px;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--article-muted);
  font-size: .76rem;
  letter-spacing: .02em;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-breadcrumbs a {
  color: inherit;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.growth-factor-article .crumb-sep {
  margin: 0 3px;
  color: #aaa399;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-eyebrow {
  padding: 0;
  margin-bottom: 15px;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  color: #667054;
  font-size: .69rem;
  letter-spacing: .17em;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-hero h1 {
  max-width: 760px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  color: var(--article-ink);
  font-size: clamp(2.35rem, 5.3vw, 4.35rem);
  line-height: 1.04;
  letter-spacing: -.035em;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-hero h1 em { color: #687254; }

.growth-factor-article .article-subtitle {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  color: #5b564e;
  font-family: var(--display);
  font-size: clamp(1.15rem, 2vw, 1.42rem);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  line-height: 1.48;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-author-box {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 17px 0;
  border: 1px solid var(--article-line);
  border-width: 1px 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: #5f5a52;
  font-size: .78rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-meta {
  justify-content: flex-start;
  margin-top: 17px;
  color: var(--article-muted);
  font-size: .76rem;
}

.growth-factor-article .meta-dot {
  width: 3px;
  height: 3px;
  background: #8b927d;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-wrap {
  padding: 54px 24px 96px;
  background: var(--article-paper);
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card {
  max-width: 820px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card p,
.growth-factor-article .article-card li {
  color: #39352f;
  font-size: 1.055rem;
  line-height: 1.78;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card p { margin-bottom: 22px; }
.growth-factor-article .article-card li { margin-bottom: 10px; }

.growth-factor-article .article-card > ol:not(.references),
.growth-factor-article .article-card > ul {
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  padding-left: 1.35rem;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card li::marker {
  color: #6f795c;
  font-weight: 700;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card a {
  color: #4e633f;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card a:hover { color: #293c22; }

.growth-factor-article .article-card h2 {
  margin: 58px 0 19px;
  padding-top: 21px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--article-line);
  color: var(--article-ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.75rem, 3.2vw, 2.25rem);
  line-height: 1.17;
  letter-spacing: -.02em;
  scroll-margin-top: 92px;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-card h3 {
  margin: 34px 0 13px;
  color: #343b2c;
  font-size: clamp(1.25rem, 2vw, 1.5rem);
  line-height: 1.25;
  scroll-margin-top: 92px;
}

.growth-factor-article .hero-banner,
.growth-factor-article .article-figure { margin: 0 0 43px; }
.growth-factor-article .article-figure { margin-top: 38px; }

.growth-factor-article .hero-banner img,
.growth-factor-article .article-figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid #e1ddd5;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: var(--article-wash);
}

.growth-factor-article .image-caption {
  max-width: 690px;
  margin: 11px auto 0;
  color: var(--article-muted);
  font-size: .76rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
  text-align: left;
}

.growth-factor-article .quick-answer,
.growth-factor-article .science-box,
.growth-factor-article .warning-box,
.growth-factor-article .routine-box {
  margin: 38px 0;
  padding: 24px 27px;
  border: 0;
  border-left: 3px solid #788363;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: var(--article-wash);
}

.growth-factor-article .warning-box {
  border-left-color: #a87f42;
  background: #f8f3e8;
}

.growth-factor-article .box-label {
  margin-bottom: 9px;
  color: #626d50;
  font-size: .67rem;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
}

.growth-factor-article .warning-box .box-label { color: #866634; }

.growth-factor-article .quick-answer p,
.growth-factor-article .science-box p,
.growth-factor-article .warning-box p,
.growth-factor-article .routine-box p { margin-bottom: 0; }

.growth-factor-article .toc {
  margin: 46px 0 58px;
  padding: 24px 0 25px;
  border: 1px solid var(--article-line);
  border-width: 1px 0;
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
}

.growth-factor-article .toc h2 {
  margin: 0 0 14px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  font: 700 .7rem/1.4 var(--body);
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.growth-factor-article .toc ol {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 5px 36px;
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 1.3rem;
}

.growth-factor-article .toc li {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: .92rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.growth-factor-article .toc a { text-decoration: none; }
.growth-factor-article .toc a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }

.growth-factor-article .table-scroll {
  width: 100%;
  margin: 28px 0 42px;
  overflow-x: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--article-line);
  border-width: 1px 0;
  -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
}

.growth-factor-article .table-scroll:focus-visible {
  outline: 3px solid #788363;
  outline-offset: 3px;
}

.growth-factor-article .comparison {
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 680px;
  margin: 0;
  color: #39352f;
  font-size: .88rem;
}

.growth-factor-article .comparison th,
.growth-factor-article .comparison td {
  padding: 14px 16px;
  border-color: var(--article-line);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.growth-factor-article .comparison th {
  background: #eeece5;
  color: #343b2c;
  font-size: .77rem;
  letter-spacing: .025em;
}

.growth-factor-article .comparison tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: 0; }

.growth-factor-article .faq { border-top: 1px solid var(--article-line); }
.growth-factor-article .faq details { padding: 0; border-color: var(--article-line); }

.growth-factor-article .faq summary {
  position: relative;
  min-height: 56px;
  padding: 17px 42px 17px 0;
  color: #343b2c;
  font-size: .98rem;
  line-height: 1.45;
  list-style: none;
}

.growth-factor-article .faq summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }
.growth-factor-article .faq summary::after {
  content: "+";
  position: absolute;
  top: 15px;
  right: 3px;
  color: #6f795c;
  font: 400 1.35rem/1 var(--body);
}
.growth-factor-article .faq details[open] summary::after { content: "−"; }
.growth-factor-article .faq details p { padding: 0 44px 18px 0; }

.growth-factor-article .related-links {
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 0 34px;
  margin: 4px 0 30px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--article-line);
}

.growth-factor-article .related-links a {
  min-height: 93px;
  padding: 19px 0;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--article-line);
  border-radius: 0;
  background: transparent;
  color: var(--article-muted);
  font-size: .88rem;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.growth-factor-article .related-links strong {
  color: #343b2c;
  font-size: .96rem;
}

.growth-factor-article .references {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  padding-left: 1.25rem;
}

.growth-factor-article .references li {
  color: #57524b;
  font-size: .82rem;
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.growth-factor-article .disclaimer {
  margin-top: 46px;
  padding-top: 24px;
  border-color: var(--article-line);
  color: var(--article-muted);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.growth-factor-article .signature {
  margin-top: 34px !important;
  color: #7a654f;
  font-size: 1.3rem;
}

/* The recommendation block is injected by article-modern.js after the article. */
.growth-factor-article .article-recommendations {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 64px max(24px, calc((100% - 1120px) / 2)) 72px;
  border: 1px solid var(--article-line);
  border-width: 1px 0 0;
  background: #f4f1e9;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendations-kicker {
  display: block;
  margin: 0 0 11px;
  color: #667054;
  font-size: .68rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .16em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendations h2 {
  margin: 0 0 9px;
  color: var(--article-ink);
  font: 400 clamp(1.9rem, 3.3vw, 2.65rem)/1.12 var(--display);
  letter-spacing: -.025em;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendations-intro {
  margin: 0 0 29px;
  color: var(--article-muted);
  font-size: .92rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendations-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: 18px;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card {
  display: flex;
  min-width: 0;
  flex-direction: column;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid #d8d3ca;
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: var(--article-paper);
  color: var(--article-ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: border-color 180ms ease, transform 180ms ease;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #e1ddd5;
  background: #ece9e1;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-copy {
  display: flex;
  min-height: 156px;
  flex: 1;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: 18px 19px 19px;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-category {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  color: #687254;
  font-size: .63rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .12em;
  line-height: 1.3;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-title {
  color: var(--article-ink);
  font: 400 1.08rem/1.3 var(--display);
  text-wrap: balance;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-cta {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  margin-top: auto;
  padding-top: 18px;
  color: #4e633f;
  font-size: .72rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: .04em;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-cta::after {
  content: "→";
  font-size: .95rem;
  transition: transform 180ms ease;
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card:hover,
.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card:focus-visible {
  border-color: #8d987b;
  color: var(--article-ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card:hover .article-recommendation-cta::after,
.growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card:focus-visible .article-recommendation-cta::after {
  transform: translateX(3px);
}

.growth-factor-article .article-recommendations + footer { margin-top: 0; }

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  .growth-factor-article .article-hero { padding: 48px 20px 42px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-breadcrumbs { margin-bottom: 22px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-author-box { padding: 15px 0; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-meta { gap: 8px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-wrap { padding: 32px 18px 72px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-card { padding: 0; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-card p,
  .growth-factor-article .article-card li { font-size: 1rem; line-height: 1.74; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-card h2 { margin-top: 48px; }
  .growth-factor-article .hero-banner,
  .growth-factor-article .article-figure { margin-bottom: 34px; }
  .growth-factor-article .quick-answer,
  .growth-factor-article .science-box,
  .growth-factor-article .warning-box,
  .growth-factor-article .routine-box { margin: 31px 0; padding: 20px; }
  .growth-factor-article .toc { margin: 38px 0 48px; }
  .growth-factor-article .toc ol { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 3px; }
  .growth-factor-article .related-links { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .growth-factor-article .related-links a { min-height: 0; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendations { padding: 48px 18px 54px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendations-intro { margin-bottom: 24px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendations-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 13px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(124px, 38%) minmax(0, 1fr);
  }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card img {
    height: 100%;
    min-height: 154px;
    aspect-ratio: auto;
    border: 0;
    border-right: 1px solid #e1ddd5;
  }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-copy {
    min-height: 154px;
    padding: 15px 16px;
  }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-title { font-size: 1rem; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-cta { padding-top: 13px; }
}

@media (max-width: 420px) {
  .growth-factor-article .article-hero { padding-inline: 17px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-wrap { padding-inline: 16px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-hero h1 { font-size: 2.22rem; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-meta .meta-dot { display: none; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-meta span { width: 100%; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card { grid-template-columns: 116px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-card img,
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-copy { min-height: 148px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-copy { padding: 13px 14px; }
  .growth-factor-article .article-recommendation-title { font-size: .94rem; }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .growth-factor-article * { scroll-behavior: auto; }
}